Nybble 2007.05.07

N Y B B L E   M O N T H L Y   N E W S L E T T E R
A Free Ezine about Anything Tech and Everything Else
2007.05.07 Issue No. 188

Ever wondered how those metal studs on the pavements are put in? Well,
wonder no more. The technical term for those studs are ground surface
tactile indicators. They're not there to prevent people from skidding,
as most people think. They are to let the visually-impaired people
know that there's a step coming up. To install the studs, you drill
holes into the pavement, and then pound the studs in with a rubber
mallet. Once those studs go in, they don't come out. Thousands of feet
step on them, the industrial floor cleaners scrub over them, but they
won't come out. In their uninstalled state, they come with this
plastic tip. Once pounded into the hole, the plastic tip implodes,
wedging the stud into the hole for good. Of course, the hole has to be
of a certain size to ensure a tight fit. Legislation also dictates the
material for the studs (marine-grade stainless steel), and how the
studs should be spaced. That's why instead of using a ruler and pencil
to mark out the holes, you're better off getting a pre-drilled metal
template, so you can drill all the holes in one go.

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a topic. If you think Nybble is good enough, do tell the tradesmen
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_________TABLE OF CONTENTS_________
* Convertible Blood
* Wi-Fi in the Sky for US Airlines
* Talking Cameras Police England
* UK Inventor Develops Flying Saucer
* Chinese Government Regulate Kids' Internet Time
* Russia Plans World's Longest Tunnel
* Kryptonite Found in Serbian Mine
* Internet Speed Records Broken
* Nybblets
* Likeable Links
* Questionable Question
* Quotable Quote
* Trivial Trivia
* Laughable Laugh

_________CONVERTIBLE BLOOD_________
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/6517137.stm

Scientists from the University of Copenhagen have developed a way of
converting one blood group into another. The technique potentially
enables blood from groups A, B and AB to be converted into group O
negative, which can be safely transplanted into any patient. This
method of manufacturing universal red cells may substantially reduce
pressure on the blood supply.

The blood cells of people with group A and B blood contain one of two
different sugar molecules, which act as "antigens", triggering an
immune system response. People with AB blood have both types of
molecule, while those with group O blood have neither. Since people
produce antibodies against the antigens they lack, this means that
groups A, B and AB can only be given to patients with compatible
blood, while O - as long as it is rhesus negative - can be given to
anyone.

The new technique works by using bacterial enzymes from
Elizabethkingia meningosepticum and Bacterioides fragilis to cut sugar
molecules from the surface of red blood cells. The researchers found
that enzymes from both bacteria were able to remove both A and B
antigens from red blood cells. However, patient trials will be needed
before the conversion method can be used in hospitals.

_________WI-FI IN THE SKY FOR US AIRLINES_________
http://snipurl.com/1jjt9

After years of discussion and delay, U.S. airlines will start offering
in-flight Internet connections, instant messaging and wireless email
(VoIP not allowed) within 12 months, turning the cabin into a WiFi
"hotspot." Carriers are expected to start making announcements around
the end of the summer, with service beginning early next year. And
airborne cellphone service might not be too far off, too.

Closely-held Colorado-based AirCell paid $31.3 million at an FCC
auction last year to take over radio frequency once used for expensive
air-phone service and reallocate it to Internet and cellphone service.
The Internet service already has the approval of both the FCC and the
Federal Aviation Administration. AirCell will install equipment on
airliners that will act as a WiFi hotspot in the cabin and connect to
laptop computers and devices like BlackBerrys that have WiFi chips. In
all, it will cost about $100,000 to outfit a plane with less than 100
pounds of equipment, and the work can be done overnight by airline
maintenance workers.

What makes the service particularly attractive to airlines is that
they will share revenue with AirCell. The service will cost about the
same as existing WiFi offerings. AirCell says it will charge no more
than $10 a day to passengers. It will also offer discounted options
for customers and tie into existing service programs like T-Mobile,
iPass and Boingo. Speeds will be equivalent to WiFi service on the ground.

_________TALKING CAMERAS POLICE ENGLAND________
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/6524495.stm

"Talking" CCTV cameras that tell off people dropping litter or
committing anti-social behaviour are to be extended to 20 areas across
England. About £500,000 will be spent adding speaker facilities to
existing cameras. All in all, there are an estimated 4.2 million CCTV
cameras in Britain.

A recent study by the government's privacy watchdog, the Information
Commissioner, warned that Britain was becoming a "surveillance
society". Others claim that the scheme has prevented fights and
criminal damage and cut litter levels. In Middlesbrough, staff in a
control centre monitor pictures from 12 talking cameras and can
communicate directly with people on the street.

The talking cameras will be installed in Southwark, Barking and
Dagenham, in London, Reading, Harlow, Norwich, Ipswich, Plymouth,
Gloucester, Derby, Northampton, Mansfield, Nottingham, Coventry,
Sandwell, Wirral, Blackpool, Salford, South Tyneside and Darlington.

_________UK INVENTOR DEVELOPS FLYING SAUCER_________
http://snipurl.com/1jjta

Former hovercraft engineer Geoff Hatton has designed and patented a
flying saucer from his workshop in Peterborough that has grabbed the
imagination of the American military establishment. The 68-year-old
has won a contract with the US government for his 3ft-wide
contraption, a cross between a hovercraft and a helicopter. Unlike a
helicopter, the device is aerodynamically neutral and it can bump into
walls and not smash the rotor. And, unlike a hovercraft, it can fly as
high as you want.

Geoff's Flying Saucers - the original name for his GFS Projects
company - are based on an aerodynamic principle that has been around
for nearly 100 years. Known as the Coanda Effect, after a Romanian
jet-engine pioneer, the principle is today used primarily in
helicopters that have no tail rotors. The dome-shaped object is
powered by an electricity-driven propeller on top that pushes air over
the outer surfaces, and has controllable flaps. It is being considered
for surveillance sorties. Farmers in America already use unmanned
aerial vehicles to inspect crops. Then there's search-and-rescue and
aerial surveying.

The device, which was rejected by the Ministry of Defence, was funded
partly by a £43,000 development grant from the Department of Trade and
Industry five years ago.

_________CHINESE GOVERNMENT REGULATE KIDS' INTERNET TIME_________
http://english.people.com.cn/200704/10/eng20070410_364977.html

The Chinese government has ordered Internet game operators to install
an "anti-online game addiction system" on their games to combat the
rising numbers of school children playing truant or even committing
crimes. The regulation, which took effect on April 15, demands online
operators to set up a "game fatigue system" that encourages players
under 18 to play less than 3 hours a day. Online gamers will also be
required to register using real names and identity card numbers to
indicate if they are younger than 18.

Under the system, the first 3 hours of play for each day is considered
"healthy", during which players will be awarded full points in the
virtual world. The next 2 hours will yield only half the normal points
and there will be no points after 5 hours. After the 5-hour limit,
players will be subjected every 15 minutes to the warning: "You have
entered unhealthy game time, please go offline immediately to rest. If
you do not, your health will be damaged and your points will be cut to
zero."

According to the regulators' timetable, online game operators will
have up to four months to install the system; and games not embedded
with the software by July 16 will be shut down. Official statistics
show that the number of Internet users in China reached 123 million in
mid-2006. About 15 percent - or 18 million - were under the age of 18.

_________RUSSIA PLANS WORLD'S LONGEST TUNNEL_________
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20670001&refer=home&sid=a0bsMii8oKXw

Russia plans to build the world's longest tunnel, a transport and
pipeline link under the Bering Strait to Alaska, as part of a $65
billion project to supply the U.S. with oil, natural gas and
electricity from Siberia.

The project, which Russia is coordinating with the U.S. and Canada,
would take 10 to 15 years to complete. The Bering Strait tunnel will
cost $10 billion to $12 billion, and the rest of the investment will
be spent on the entire transport corridor. State organizations and
private companies in partnership would build and control the route,
known as TKM-World Link. Russia and the U.S. may each eventually take
25 percent stakes, with private investors and international finance
agencies as other shareholders.

A 6,000-kilometer (3,700-mile) transport corridor from Siberia into
the U.S. will feed into the tunnel, which at 64 miles will be more
than twice as long as the underwater section of the Channel Tunnel
between the U.K. and France, according to the plan. The tunnel would
run in three sections to link the two islands in the Bering Strait
between Russia and the U.S. The planned undersea tunnel would contain
a high-speed railway, highway and pipelines, as well as power and
fiber-optic cables, according to TKM-World Link.

Rail links in Russia and the U.S., where an almost 2,000- kilometer
stretch from Angora to Fort Nelson in Canada would continue the route,
would cost up to $15 billion. With cargo traffic of as much as 100
million tons annually expected on the World Link, the investments in
the rail section could be repaid in 20 years.

_________KRYPTONITE FOUND IN SERBIAN MINE_________
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6584229.stm

Researchers from mining group Rio Tinto discovered an unusual mineral
in a mine in Serbia, and enlisted the help of Dr Chris Stanley, a
mineralogist at London's Natural History Museum, when they could not
match it with anything known previously to science. Once the London
expert had unravelled the mineral's chemical make-up, he searched the
web using the mineral's chemical formula - sodium lithium boron
silicate hydroxide - and was amazed to discover that same scientific
name, written on a case of rock containing kryptonite stolen by Lex
Luthor from a museum in the film Superman Returns.

The only difference is that the new mineral does not contain fluorine
(which it does in the film) and is white rather than green and doesn't
glow; but, in all other respects, the chemistry matches that for the
rock containing kryptonite. The mineral cannot be called kryptonite
under international nomenclature rules because it has nothing to do
with krypton - a real element in the Periodic Table that takes the
form of a gas. Instead, it will be formally named jadarite (after the
place where the Serbian mine is located) when it is described in the
European Journal of Mineralogy later this year.

_________INTERNET SPEED RECORDS BROKEN_________
http://snipurl.com/1jjtb

A group of researchers led by the University of Tokyo has broken
Internet speed records — twice in two days. Operators of the
high-speed Internet2 network announced Tuesday that the researchers on
Dec. 30 sent data at 7.67 gigabits per second, using standard
communications protocols. The next day, using modified protocols, the
team broke the record again by sending data over the same 20,000-mile
path at 9.08 Gbps.

Researchers used the newer Internet addressing system, called IPv6, to
break the records in December. Data started in Tokyo and went to
Chicago, Amsterdam and Seattle before returning to Tokyo. The previous
high of 6.96 Gbps was set in November 2005. Speed records under the
older addressing system, IPv4, are in a separate category and stand at
8.8 Gbps, set in February 2006.

The Internet2 consortium is planning to build a new network with a
capacity of 100 Gbps - from its current theoretical limit of 10 Gbps.
With the 10-fold increase, a high-quality version of the movie "The
Matrix" could be sent in a few seconds rather than half a minute over
the current Internet2 and two days over a typical home broadband line.
The Internet2 is run by a consortium of more than 200 U.S.
universities. It is currently working to merge with another
ultrahigh-speed, next-generation network, National LambdaRail.

_________NYBBLETS_________
* Large caves with openings the size of football fields found on the
surface of Mars
* Researchers discover that chimpanzee genes seem to have evolved
more than human genes
* University of Texas designs TRIPS processor with the potential of
reaching trillions of calculations per second
* Molecules called virus-inhibitory peptides (VIRIPs) found to block HIV
* Cancer-fighting drug found in soil where Pacific yew trees grow
* The Government of India is planning to introduce free 2 mbps
broadband for all by 2009

_________LIKEABLE LINKS_________
foldschool - cardboard furniture
http://www.foldschool.com/

FreeComputerBooks.com
http://freecomputerbooks.com/
Free computer books, tutorials & lecture notes

Common Errors in English
http://wsu.edu/~brians/errors/errors.html

Neighbor Stealing Your WiFi?
http://www.ex-parrot.com/~pete/upside-down-ternet.html

Blue Ball Machine
http://blueballfixed.ytmnd.com/

_________QUESTIONABLE QUESTION_________
Why do you have to rotate the tires on your car? Don't they rotate
when you drive on them?

_________QUOTABLE QUOTE_________
A man's face is his autobiography. A woman's face is her work of fiction.
~ Oscar Wilde ~

_________TRIVIAL TRIVIA_________
How strong is stomach acid?
The hydrochloric acid of the human digestive process is so strong a
corrosive that it easily can eat its way through a cotton
handkerchief, and even through the iron of an automobile body. Yet, it
doesn't endanger the stomach's sticky mucus walls.
Source: Arcamax Trivia

_________LAUGHABLE LAUGH_________
The pastor's sermon focused on how God knows which of us grows best in
the sunlight and which of us needs shade.
"For example," he said, "roses must be planted in the sun, but
fuchsias thrive in the shade."
After the service, a woman, her face beaming, approached him.
"Your sermon did me so much good," she said.
Before he had time to gloat too much, however, she added, "I always
wondered what was wrong with my fuchsias."

_________DOWNLOADABLE DOWNLOAD_________
101 Shareware and Freeware Programs Every Nerd Needs
http://snipurl.com/1dp6t

GOM Player
http://www.gomplayer.com/main.html

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